como estudiante mediocre de una licenciatura en letras durante más años que los que hubiera deseado, sufrí el acoso de los textos incomprensibles y, peor aún, de los esclarecidos que los comprendían. derrida, kristeva, lyotard, vattimo, lacan, deleuze, guattari y tantos otros, venían y atormentaban mi incomprensión durante horas interminables en las que me esforzaba sobre una oración para rápidamente perder concentración y quedarme viendo la calle como un chimpancé desde la jaula, la leía otra vez y me colgaba mirando un árbol, la leía otra vez y me daba por vencido.
con algunos textos de foucault pasó lo mismo hasta que tomé un curso entero sobre la arquelogía del saber con un excelente profesor, y héroe personal, llamado ruben tani. hoy ya lo olvidé, no a foucault ni a tani, sino al significado de todas esas horas dedicadas a un libro. quiero creer que permanece oculto en una parte de mi cerebro que no uso nunca.
en este oscuro panorama de degradación intelectual, sólo había algo peor que la enorme herida de ignorancia que se producía por las noches y era comprobar, por las mañanas, que existían otras personas de mi misma edad, incluso de forma humana, que comentaban pasajes de mil mesetas y utilizaban todo el tiempo palabras como desterritorialización, deconstrucción, palimpsesto, différance (sólo mucho después comprendí que venía de diferir y no de diferenciar), revolviendo un enorme cuchillo sobre el tajo abierto y sangrante. (1)
cuánto sufrimiento para alguien a quien sólo le gustaba leer algunos libros. ese tipo de cosas que hace la gente simple.
esta mañana, como el nerd que es vengado de sus malvados acosadores por un ser superior y magnánimo, me sentí reivindicado leyendo a félix de azúa. tengo que citarlo para regocijo de todos los ignorados ignorantes como yo.
"durante los años setenta se produjo un descubrimiento sensacional. los investigadores de la literatura y los teóricos de la misma descubrieron algo que había permanecido inadvertido en muchísimos cuentos, novelas, poemas y relatos: el texto. resultaba que la literatura estaba compuesta por textos. Es más: los textos podían sustituir con creces a la literatura.
De pronto todo fue texto..."
y cita a la mismisima kristeva:
"llamaremos texto a toda práctica de lenguaje mediante la cual se despliguen en el feno-texto las operaciones del geno-texto, intentando el primero representar al segundo, e invitando al lector a reconstruir la significancia"
sigue, más adelante, de Azúa:
"Es cierto que ahora se puede producir una nueva timidez a causa de la "significancia", pero tampoco debe el lector inhibirse, pues la significancia no es otra cosa que: "la compatibilidad semántica y/o sintáctica de los elementos constitutivos (según lyons)"; o bien, "la instancia en el sueño de la estructura literante (según lacan)"; o, más sencillamente, "el trabajo de diferenciación, estratificación y confrontación que se practica en la lengua" (según kristeva).
De modo que si alguien se le presenta con un texto, sea usted agudo, no se deje engañar, y obseve primero si se trata realmente de un texto. Por ejemplo, ¿le invita a reconstruir la significancia? Y si, en efecto, le invita, compruebe que se trata de una verdadera significancia, y no de cualquier sucedáneo: ¿acaso diferencia, estratifica y confronta en la lengua? De ser así, puede usted estar casi seguro de que se trata de un texto. ya sólo le faltara leerlo"
y luego, al comentar la afamada cita de wittgenstein:
"todo aquello que puede decirse, se puede decir con claridad; y sobre aquello de lo que no podemos hablar, mejor es guardar silencio"
dice de azúa:
"una de las manías más beocias de buena parte del pensamiento actual es la de expresarse con un leguaje alambicado, pedante e innecesario. El retorcimiento del estilo, el preciosismo, se soporta con impaciencia en escritores de valía como foucault, con irritación en pensadores coyunturales como derrida, pero con exasperación en sus epígonos americanos, italianos y españoles.
la claridad de la exposición es una señal inequívoca de la solidez de pensamiento.
claros son wittgenstein, peirce o heidegger, aunque requieran un esfuerzo y una atención considerables. oscuros son adorno y blanchot, en quienes el esfuerzo de estudio no se traduce en un mayor entendimiento del texto sino en una resignada acpetación del mismo.
en algún caso aislado, como el de benjamin, se produce oscuridad por el desorden mental en el que se debate el filósofo. pero mereece la pena ser paciente. otros casos de desorden mental, como el de jacques lacan, no dan absolutamente nada de sí, aunque uno tenga más paciencia que job."
gracias. el incoprensivo se siente comprendido y hasta vengado por alguien de inteligencia superior.
(1)- debo confesar con horror que yo también utilizaba aquellas palabras, y hasta las escribía, pero sin comprenderlas (¿harían ellos lo mismo?).
21 comentarios:
no sé vos pero yo terminé esa carrera sin enteder, seriamente, absolutamente nada.
igual, seguí mi vida así que considero que vivir en la ignorancia es, como mínimo, posible.
beso!
yo estoy casi convencido de que ni siquiera los profesores que hablan de esos temas los entienden cabalmente. es más, me arriesgaría a aseverar que muchos de los que los escriben, tampoco.
pero bueno, la literatura siguen siendo bonita, la de los escritores, no la de los académicos.
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